Komariah, Leily Nurul and Holik, Hardi and Diana, Juli (2008) A Preliminary Study of Standarized Biodiesel Product from PFAD. Proceeding of Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy Science and Technology. ISSN 978-979-18845-0-1 (Unpublished)
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Abstract
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is a byproduct from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) refinery plant. It is a light brown solid at room temperature, melting to a brown liquid on heating. The major component of PFAD is free fatty acids (oleic, palmitic and stearic), usually in the range of 85 - 95%, the balances are oil/triglycerides, squalene, aldehydes, ketons, moisture and other minor impurities. Considering high content of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of the feedstock, PFAD conversion proceeds in two steps. In this work, the first step of the process is to reduce FFA content by esterification with methanol and acid catalyst. The second step is transesterification process, in which triglyceride (TG) portion of the oil reacts with methanol and base catalyst to form ester and glycerol. The acid catalyst used is sulfuric acid (H2SO4) while the base catalyst used is potassium hydroxide (KOH). The esterification and transesterification reaction was carried out at temperature of 70 oC which consisted in a lab scale stirred reactor under the reaction?s pressure for the time interval of 60 minutes. The effect of molar ratio of PFAD to Methanol and the catalyst composition in each step are investigated in this study. The results then confronted to several parameters of Biodiesel product quality, such as acid value, kinematic viscosity, density etc. The optimum condition found in this experimental research where PFAD to Methanol molar ratio is 1 : 1, using 3% acid catalyst (H2SO4) and 3% base catalyst (KOH). The Biodiesel product needs more efforts to reach the Indonesian national standard.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biodiesel, PFAD, SNI, transesterification |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD1-999 Chemistry |
| Divisions: | 03-Faculty of Engineering > 22201-Civil Engineering (S1) |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Leily Nurul Komariah |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2020 08:16 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2020 08:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/13159 |
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