DAMPAK JAMUR ENDOFIT TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES SERANGGA PENYERBUK PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG

PRIMA, M. WINDRA and Herlinda, Siti and Herlin, Weri (2023) DAMPAK JAMUR ENDOFIT TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES SERANGGA PENYERBUK PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important commodity in ensuring food and nutrition for millions of people. Therefore, factors limiting the productivity of maize crops in the form of pests need to be controlled. Good pest control should not have a negative impact on non-target insects such as pollinators that are beneficial to plants. Pest control with endophytic fungi is a control that is considered more environmentally friendly because it does not cause harmful residues. So it was necessary to conduct research with the aim of detecting the impact of endophytic fungi on the abundance and diversity of pollinating insects in maize fields during one growing season. This research was conducted in the research field of Plant Protection Study Program, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. This research started from March to September 2023 with a land area of 20×30 m. This study used a Randomized Group Design (RGD) with four treatments of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, namely: no treatment (control), root watering, seed soaking, and leaf spraying with seven replications so that there were 28 treatment plots in total. Observations were made directly documented with a camera and using an insect net (sweep net). Direct observations were conducted using a sampling method of 30 plants in each treatment plot following a W pattern. Insect pollinators found were counted, recorded and documented using a cellphone camera with an additional macro lens. Meanwhile, net observations using sweep nets with two double swings were carried out four times on each treatment plot following the W pattern. The insects obtained were counted and preserved in the form of wet and dry preserves and stored in the Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Observations were made during one maize growing season once a week. The results of the research documented with a camera found 25 species of pollinating insects including 4 species of the Hymenoptera, 13 species of the Lepidoptera, and 8 species of the Diptera. The highest abundance of pollinating insects in the Root treatment with a total of 1448 individuals, the Control treatment 1219 individuals, the Seed treatment 1117 individuals, and the lowest abundance in the Leaf treatment 994 individuals. Meanwhile, the results obtained from sweep net observations found 3 species of pollinating insects including 4 species of Hymenoptera, 10 species of Lepidoptera, and 7 species of Diptera. The highest abundance of pollinating insects in the Root treatment with a total of 80 individuals, the Seed treatment 75 individuals, the Leaf treatment 73 individuals, and no treatment 62 individuals. Research documented with cameras produced the highest diversity in the treatment of Leaves H'=0.79, Control H'=0.63, Root treatment H'=0.60, and Seed treatment H' = 0.56. While the research taken with a net produced the highest diversity in the Root treatment H'=2.11, Leaf H'=2.02, Seed treatment H'=1.95, and Control H'=1.67. The conclusion of this study was the abundance and species diversity of pollinating insects applied with the endophytic fungus B. bassiana did not have a significant impact either when applied through root watering, seed soaking and leaf spraying, so pest control with B. bassiana is safe for pollinators.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Maize, pollinators, Apis cerana, endofit
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54211-Agricultural Technology (S1)
Depositing User:	M. Windra Prima
Date Deposited:	19 Dec 2023 04:11
Last Modified:	19 Dec 2023 04:11
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/135263

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