CAROLIN, JENIA and SHK, Suparman (2023) EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PESTISIDA OLEH PETANI TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI KOTA PAGAR ALAM DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HAMA, PENYAKIT DAN MUSUH ALAMI SERTA SERANGGA NETRAL. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.
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Abstract
Pesticides have been widely used in controlling or preventing the presence of plant pest organisms, one of which is in horticultural crop cultivation activities. The use of pesticides is considered to be able to increase agricultural development because of its effectiveness in reducing yield losses and improving crop quality. Almost all horticultural farmers, especially in Pagar Alam City, use pesticides to control pests and plant diseases. But the use of pesticides on a scheduled basis and not according to the recommended use can have a negative impact on plants and the environment. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of compliance of farmers in using pesticides and their effect on pest and disease pathogen populations, intensity and percentage of pests and diseases, natural enemy populations and neutral insects. The research was conducted in several horticultural crop fields in Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra Province. The survey was conducted using purposive sampling method by interviewing horticultural crop farmers regarding the use of pesticides on their plants and observing the types of pests and plant diseases, the intensity and percentage of pest attacks and plant diseases, observing the population of natural enemies and neutral insects in the field. Observations in the field were carried out using a sampling technique, namely Random sampling. Observations began by determining 5 points of mounds that were observed randomly, at each predetermined point 6 sample plants were observed per mound. The results showed that horticultural farmers in Pagar Alam have an age range of 30-40 years and the education level of horticultural crop farmers in Pagar Alam is dominated by high school graduates. From the results of interviews conducted by horticultural crop farmers regarding compliance with the use of pesticides obtained an average score of 258.15. The score of pesticide implementation by horticultural farmers in Pagar Alam is in the high category. This shows that many farmers have implemented pesticides correctly. Pesticide implementation compliance has a correlation to the pest population. If the use of pesticides does not pay attention to the economic threshold and the recommended dose, it can cause resistance and recurrence. Based on the results of observations made found pests from 6 orders, 16 families, and 27 species that attack horticultural crops. The diversity index of pest species on horticultural crops in Pagar Alam 1 < 1.79 < 3 which means moderate diversity. The highest pest attack was Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) with an intensity value of 15.24% and a percentage of 34.62%. Followed by Epilachna admirabilis (Crotch) attack with an intensity value of 9.38% and a percentage of 21.29%. Liriomyza sp. species had an intensity of 8.28% and a percentage of 22.80%. The most common plant disease found was Cercospora sp. which causes leaf spot disease with the highest intensity value of 18.58% and a percentage of 42.04% with 391 affected plants. The intensity of mosaic disease caused by viruses was 7.66 and a percentage of 14.20% with 132 affected plants. The level of compliance with pesticide use has a negative correlation with pest intensity with a value of -0.36 and the effect of pesticide scores is 13%. The correlation between the pesticide score and the percentage of pests has a value of -0.58 with an influence of 33% pesticide score. Pesticide implementation score with disease intensity has a correlation value of -0.39 with a pesticide score influence of 16%. The correlation between the pesticide score and the percentage of disease attack has a value of -0.33 and the effect of the pesticide score is 11%. There is also a correlation between the pesticide implementation score and the population of natural enemies and neutral insects. The correlation of pesticide score with predator population is quite strong. While the correlation of pesticide scores with parasitoid and neutral insect populations is still relatively weak. The use of specific types of pesticides and the use of which is not excessive can suppress the population of pests and diseases, and does not cause the killing of natural enemies and neutral insects. So, the conclusion of the research is that 77% of horticultural crop farmers in Pagar Alam are appropriate in implementing pesticides. Compliance in the implementation of pesticides has a correlation that is classified as low to moderately strong against pest and disease attacks, as well as populations of natural enemies and neutral insects. The higher the pesticide compliance score, the intensity and percentage of pest and disease attacks will decrease. Conversely, excessive use of pesticides can cause resistance and recurrence of pests, as well as the killing of non-target organisms such as predators, parasitoids and neutral insects.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Correlation, Intensity, Percentage, Diversity, Regression |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S530-559 Agricultural education S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB1-1110 Plant culture S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB317.5-319.864 Horticulture. Horticultural crops S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB599-990.5 Pests and diseases S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB950.9-970.4 Pesticides |
| Divisions: | 05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54295-Plant Protection (S1) |
| Depositing User: | Jenia Carolin |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jan 2024 08:25 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jan 2024 08:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/137580 |
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