PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME RESIN UREA FORMALDEHYDE DALAM SIFAT KOMPOSIT SERAT JERAMI PADI

APRIYADI, BAYU and Mataram, Agung (2018) PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME RESIN UREA FORMALDEHYDE DALAM SIFAT KOMPOSIT SERAT JERAMI PADI. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Composite fibrous composite continuously researched and developed to become a substitute alternative materials metal materials, this is due to the nature of composite fiber that is strong and has a lighter weight compared to metal. The composite is a combination of two or more materials which have different phase into a new material which has properties of both. Up to this time, most of the people of Indonesia still earn from agriculture, especially the rice agriculture is the main income as well as the staple food of the people. Large rice production will also be accompanied by the waste straw, rice straw waste as long as it has not been used to its full potential, usually used for compost or animal feed which is economically less produce products that more valuable. See the potential and advantages of waste straw of rice which is so great, then attempted to optimize the utilization of waste straw of rice as a base material particle board. Several types of materials that include berlignoselulosa wood, straw, stalks, stems, husks, sugar cane reeds, bamboo, kenaf, cotton fibers and others. Based on its density particle board there are three of them, (LDP) Low Density Particleboard is a board that has a density less than 0.4 g/cm3, (MDP) Medium Density Particleboard (MDP) is the board that has a density of between 0.4-0.8 g/cm3 and (HDP) High Density Particleboard is a board that has a density of more than 0.8 g/cm3. Distinguish particle board based on the size of the particles in the formation of the sheets into three kinds, namely homogeneous particle board (Single-Layer Particleboard) boards of this type does not have the difference in particle size in the middle, and surface-coated, Three-Layers Particleboard particle board in the surface is smoother than the core particle, Graduated Three-Layers boards have a particle size and density of the interrelations between different parts of the surface with the core. The main types of particles used for particle board, such as Shaving is the irregular dimensional wood particles the resulting when leveling the side width or thickness of the wood. Flake is small particles with predetermined dimensions are produced on equipment that has been set aside. Uniform in thickness, with the orientation of the fibers parallel surfaces. Wafers its shape is similar to flake but larger and usually thick more than 0.02 inch (0.5 mm) and length is more than 1 inch (2.54 cm), some parts of the tapered ends. Chip is a piece of wood cut from a block with a large knife or hammer, such as using a wood chisel. Sawdust is a splinter of wood from cutting saw. Strand is shaving with the flat surface of the length but parallel. Sliver is a wood that is almost square-cut horizontally, with a length of at least 4 times its thickness. Wood wool (excelsior) is sliver long, wavy and sleek, used as bearings in the packing. The advantages of void-free particle board are unlike wood, broken and cracked, the size and density of particle board can be tailored to your needs, uniform thickness and density and isotropic easy properties, has been worked out, the nature and nature of the quality can be adjusted. Urea formaldehyde material is the resin of the right as the adhesive manufacture composite Board waste straw of rice because the price is very cheap and easy to diperleh for having produced many of the market. The advantages of the urea formaldehyde adhesive such as water-soluble, hard, non-flammable, heat good nature, colorless when it hardened and it's cheap. Manufacture of composite boards of fiber hay and urea formaldehyde adhesive that is already treated in chemi-thermo-mechanic result can already be compared with particle board European-made standard. Urea formaldehyde Adhesive one type of adhesive that is thermosetting condensation and polymerization reaction results between urea and formaldehyde. Urea formaldehyde adhesives include one type of thermosetting adhesive of the condensation reaction and polymerization between urea and formaldehyde. Urea formaldehyde resins include the type of MR (Moisture Resistance) adhesive, widely used in furniture and plywood type II industries. The urea formaldehyde resin matures under acidic conditions where the acidity of urea formaldehyde is obtained by using a hardener (NH4Cl). The main disadvantage of urea formaldehyde is that it is readily hydrolysed and thus damages its hydrogen bond with water vapor or alkaline and strong acids, especially at moderate to high temperatures. In this study the materials used were rice straw fiber and formaldehyde urea resin. Particle board construction by way of printing using hot press, density and bending testing is done with reference to JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bending power on variations in the volume fraction of urea formaldehyde and determine the yield structure on mechanical properties of testing with SEM (Scanning Electron Meicroscopy). The results of testing of rice straw particle board with a stirring volume fraction with elastic stress bending test obtained an average of 10% with a Vf value of 8,497 kg / cm2, Vf 13% with a value of 11,522 kg / cm2, 16% of the Vf value of 17,912 kg / cm 2 , and the average modulus of elasticity at Vf is 10% with a value of 1087.68 kg / cm2, Vf 13% with a value of 1495.56 kg / cm2, Vf 16% with a value of 2637.62 kg / cm2. Observation of the results obtained by broken fiber fault types is broken.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Rice straw urea formaldehyde, density test, bending test, SEM
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1-1570 Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	03-Faculty of Engineering > 21201-Mechanical Engineering (S1)
Depositing User:	Mrs Dies Meirita Sari
Date Deposited:	01 Nov 2019 13:19
Last Modified:	01 Nov 2019 13:19
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/14675

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