ANALISIS PERFORMANSI TURBIN AIR CROSSFLOW TERHADAP JUMLAH SUHU DAN PERUBAHAN DEBIT ALIRAN

SYAFEI, JEFTA MANUEL and Kadir, M. Zahri (2018) ANALISIS PERFORMANSI TURBIN AIR CROSSFLOW TERHADAP JUMLAH SUHU DAN PERUBAHAN DEBIT ALIRAN. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

The use of natural resources as a source of the power plant needs to be continuously developed. Natural resources such as water in a maritime country, Indonesia must be abundant. We find a lot of water, but there are also many conditions of the water source. Like the difference in flow discharge, head, flow velocity that affects hydraulic power that varies for each water source. Water turbine is one of the tools to utilize potential energy from water and convert it into mechanical energy in the shaft rotation which will later be converted into electrical energy. The power and efficiency of the turbine depends on many factors, some of the factors that influence are the number of blades, blade angle and runner dimensions. Because the number of blades is one of the influencing factors, this study will analyze the effect of power and efficiency on changes in blade numbers and changes in flow rates. The types of water turbines are generally divided into two, namely impulse and reaction turbines. The impulse type water turbine is a type of water turbine , the direction of the runner's rotation is in the direction of the fluid flow. A pressure drop occurs at the nozzle when the fluid exits the nozzle, no pressure changes occur in the fluid except in the nozzle. Examples of Impulse turbines are: Cross-flow turbines, Pelton turbines. If the reaction turbine is a turbine that produces torque using pressure and fluid mass. The direction of torque produced is also in the opposite direction with the fluid flow. In this type of pressure changes when passing through the rotor blade. Special construction is needed because in this type of turbine there is a kind of blade on the casing to control the working fluid of this turbine in the working fluid. Examples of turbines Reactions: Turbine Propeller, Francis, Kinetic. There are several factors that underlie the planning and selection of a water turbine. One of them is Head and debit. By determining the head and discharge we can determine the right type of water turbine. In this study the water flow source has a 4meter head and a discharge of 0,0003m3 / s. So that the right type of turbine is the Crossflow water turbine. The research method used is an experimental method, at the beginning of making / designing a device and then testing it. This method was chosen because the effect of the number of blades must be tested so that the effect can be known, so this method is chosen. In the schematic testing illustrated, the tools used in the test are reservoirs, pumps, discharge regulating valves and Crossflow water turbines. In this test, the number of blades and debits varied. The number of blades used is 15, 20, and 22 pieces. For the discharge, the valve opening is varied ¼ (0.0028m3/ s), ½ (0.0030m3/ s) and 1 (0.0032m3/ s). Rotameter measuring instruments are installed before the water passes through the turbine, and the preassure gauge is installed before and after passing through the turbine. After testing, the result found that the debit affected the performance of the crossflow water turbine. With 3 variations of debit with the number of blades of 20 pieces, the biggest power of the turbine is at a debit of 0.0032 m3 / s, which is 22.2842 W. For the 3 variations in the number of blades, the number of blades with the highest efficiency is 22.27 %, the test is at a debit of 0.003 m3 / s. Based on experimental and analytical that have been carried out on Crossflow water turbine testing with variations in the number of 15, 20, and 22 blades, also the change in flow rate is 0.0028 m3 / s, 0.003 m3 / s and 0.0032 m3 / s the Conclusions is, First the flow rate affects the amount of turbine power produced. If the flow rate is getting smaller then the smaller the power produced by the water turbine. Second, the number of blades affects the amount of turbine power produced, and also affects the efficiency of the turbine. It is proven from the test results that at a flow rate of 0.003 m3 / s with the number of blades 15, 20 and 22 experiencing an increase in efficiency.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Crossflow Water Turbine, Number of Blades, Performance
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266-267.5 Turbines. Turbomachines (General)
Divisions:	03-Faculty of Engineering > 21201-Mechanical Engineering (S1)
Depositing User:	Users 2682 not found.
Date Deposited:	07 Nov 2019 06:41
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2019 06:41
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/15183

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