UJI ANTAGONIS JAMUR Trichoderma viride SEBAGAI AGENS HAYATI Ganoderma boninense PENYEBAB BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT SECARA IN-VITRO

ARRAHSAL, UWAIS and Mulawarman, Mulawarman (2024) UJI ANTAGONIS JAMUR Trichoderma viride SEBAGAI AGENS HAYATI Ganoderma boninense PENYEBAB BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT SECARA IN-VITRO. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

The most problematic disease for both palm oil entrepreneurs and farmers is basal stem rot or BSR. This disease is caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense, which is a soil-borne pathogen. In the effort of biological control, the use of biological agents has been extensively tested, one of which is utilizing fungi with antagonistic properties, namely Trichoderma. Based on the research background, the problem formulation that this study aims to address includes the identification of factors affecting the resistance level of Ganoderma boninense to Trichoderma viride, the measurement of the growth rate of Trichoderma viride, and the analysis of the specific characteristics of Trichoderma viride. This research aims to understand the interaction between these two types of fungi and to explore the potential of Trichoderma viride as a biological control agent. Based on the formulation of the problem, this research aims to identify the factors that influence the resistance level of Ganoderma boninense to Trichoderma viride, analyze the growth rate of Trichoderma viride colonies, and examine the specific characteristics of Trichoderma viride. These three objectives support each other to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between Trichoderma viride and Ganoderma boninense in the effort of biological control against plant pathogens. This research is used to observe the effectiveness level of the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma viride against the fungus Ganoderma boninense. The method used in this study is the dual culture method, which involves growing the Ganoderma boninense pathogen and the biological agent Trichoderma viride in the same place but in different sections and 3 cm apart, followed by incubation at room temperature. After that, observe the inhibitory effect of the isolate on Ganoderma boninense. The in vitro procedure for this research involves several key steps to ensure effective exploration and testing. Initially, the sterilization of tools and materials is carried out using an oven or autoclave at a temperature of 120°C for 1.5–2 hours after being cleaned with detergent and air-dried. In the exploration phase, Trichoderma viride was isolated using the rice trap method on bamboo roots, utilizing the nutritional properties of rice to support fungal growth. The isolate was then cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media to promote their proliferation, followed by incubation to obtain mature fungal colonies. Similarly, the Ganoderma boninense isolate was prepared from laboratory collections and cultured on PDA media under sterile conditions. Antagonistic tests involve placing Trichoderma viride and Ganoderma boninense close together on PDA media to evaluate the inhibition effects. This process was extended to commercial Trichoderma strains and fungicide tests using sterilized filter paper treated with fungicide solutions, with observations recorded over seven days to assess growth inhibition zones and antagonistic activity. This comprehensive approach allows for a detailed evaluation of the interactions and inhibition mechanisms between Trichoderma viride and Ganoderma boninense. Macroscopic observations of pure isolates that did not interact with the Ganoderma boninense pathogen showed that the fungal colonies appeared to grow invasively on the surface of the medium. In microscopic observation, the Trichoderma viride fungal isolate shows that this fungus has branched, hyaline (transparent) and septate (septate) mycelium. The conidia-producing structures (phialides) are bacillus or oval-shaped and arranged in clusters. The results of the antagonistic test of Trichoderma viride obtained from the exploration against the pathogen Ganoderma boninense show that there are different inhibition zones of the antagonistic fungus against the pathogen in each repetition. The results of the antagonistic and inhibitory tests conducted over 7 days showed significant differences in the test results on days 5, 6, and 7 for each treatment. On day 5, there were significant differences in all treatments, but the highest value of 8.95 was observed in the commercial Trichoderma viride treatment against Ganoderma boninense. Subsequently, on day 6, significant differences were observed in each treatment, with the highest value of 14.69 in the fungicide treatment. On day 7, significant differences were observed in each treatment, with the highest value of 25.18 in the fungicide treatment. The conclusion of this research is that there is an inhibition in the antagonistic test of Trichoderma viride against Ganoderma boninense. The highest inhibition value of Trichoderma viride exploration was on the first day, 28.67, and continued until the last day. The activity of Trichoderma viride in inhibiting the growth of antagonists with pathogens is demonstrated by the dominance exerted by the Trichoderma viride fungus over the Ganoderma boninense pathogen. The inhibition of Ganoderma boninense growth can occur because the Trichoderma viride fungus produces a compound that is destructive and destroys the pathogen's cell wall. suggestions for future research to pay more attention to the growth of Trichoderma viride fungal colonies without treatment and to conduct more macroscopic and microscopic identifications of Trichoderma viride. Keywords: Antagonistic; Trichoderma viride; Ganoderma boninense; Basal Stem Rot

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antagonistic; Trichoderma viride; Ganoderma boninense; Basal Stem Rot
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54295-Plant Protection (S1)
Depositing User:	Uwais Arrahsal
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2025 07:46
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2025 07:46
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/166527

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