PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN WET ASH SEBAGAI PENGGANTI KAPUR TOHOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS AIR ASAM TAMBANG BATUBARA

FIKRI, MUHAMMAD and Agustina, Tuty Emilia and Hermansyah, Hermansyah (2025) PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN WET ASH SEBAGAI PENGGANTI KAPUR TOHOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS AIR ASAM TAMBANG BATUBARA. Masters thesis, SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY.

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Abstract

The problem of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is one of the potential impacts faced by the mining industry. Acid Mine Drainage also contains heavy metals such as iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and manganese (Mn). AMD is a significant environmental issue that has become a concern due to mining activities. The formation of AMD cannot be entirely prevented; it can originate from sources such as mine pits, impurities from coal washing, and coal stockpiles. If AMD is released directly into the environment without prior treatment, it can cause negative impacts, especially a decline in water quality. An active treatment system involves treating AMD using alkaline chemicals to raise the pH, neutralize acidity, and precipitate metals. Although effective, active treatment can be costly when equipment, chemical, and labor expenses are taken into account. The combustion process of bark produces excess ash originating from the emission control equipment, specifically a multicyclone system that uses water to capture dust particles. This causes the resulting ash to contain moisture, hence it is referred to as “Wet Ash.” Wet ash has strong alkaline characteristics, and due to its high alkalinity and its physical resemblance to quicklime, it has the potential to be used as a substitute for quicklime in the treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). This is because wet ash contains CaO and MgO, which contribute to its liming ability or neutralization capacity. The use of wet ash (also commonly referred to as moist ash) can alter the characteristics of AMD by neutralizing its acidity. Wet ash, produced from combustion involving steam, contains alkaline compounds that can react with the acids in AMD, thereby increasing the pH of the water. The research was conducted at the Environmental Laboratory Unit (UPTD Laboratorium Lingkungan) of the Environmental Agency (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup) of Banyuasin Regency from June 2024 to March 2025. Samples of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) were collected from the active pit of PT. Baturona Adimulya, located in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The initial characterization tests of the AMD were carried out at the Environmental Laboratory Unit of the Environmental Agency of Banyuasin Regency. Boiler ash samples (wet ash) were collected from Boiler Line 2 of PT. Sumatera Prima Fibreboard in Indralaya. The characterization tests of the boiler ash (wet ash) were conducted at the Sucofindo Laboratory in Palembang. The quicklime used in this study was sourced from PT. Baturona Adimulya. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. The effect of adding wet ash in AMD treatment on the characteristics of pH, TSS, Fe, and Mn shows that the effective doses are 12.5 grams/L and 15 grams/L. At a dose of 12.5 grams/L, the pH reached 6.45, TSS was 266 mg/L, Fe was <0.018 mg/L, and Mn was 6.42 mg/L. At a dose of 15 grams/L, the pH reached 7.21, TSS was 326 mg/L, Fe was <0.018 mg/L, and Mn was 6.32 mg/L. 2. The addition of wet ash was more effective at a dose of 15 grams/L, although the reduction in Mn levels at this dose was not yet optimal and still exceeded the quality standard. 3. A comparison of the effectiveness of using wet ash and quicklime in altering the pH, TSS, Fe, and Mn of AMD shows the following: Treatment with wet ash was effective at a dose of 15 grams/L, resulting in a pH of 7.21, TSS of 326 mg/L, Fe <0.018 mg/L, and Mn of 6.32 mg/L (Mn value still exceeds the quality standard). In contrast, treatment with quicklime was effective at a dose of 2.5 grams/L, achieving a pH of 8.07, TSS of 92.9 mg/L, Fe <0.018 mg/L, and Mn of 0.028 mg/L. From this comparison, quicklime treatment appears to be more effective as it requires a lower dose than wet ash. However, in terms of cost, wet ash is cheaper and more efficient. 4. The effect of adding a mixture of quicklime and wet ash in the treatment of AMD on the characteristics of pH, TSS, Fe, and Mn was effective at a dose of 5 grams/L, resulting in a pH of 8.73, TSS of 136 mg/L, Fe <0.018 mg/L, and Mn of 3.45 mg/L. 5. The most effective and ideal dose for changing the characteristics of pH, TSS, Fe, and Mn in AMD treatment using a mixture of quicklime and wet ash is 5 grams/L, resulting in a pH of 8.73, TSS of 136 mg/L, Fe <0.018 mg/L, and Mn of 3.45 mg/L. 6. The cost of treating Acid Mine Drainage using wet ash is significantly lower and more economical compared to using quicklime.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air asam tambang, batubara, kapur tohor, wet ash
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences > GE300-350 Environmental management Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD450-801 Physical and theoretical chemistry
Divisions:	11-Postgraduates Study > 95129-Environment Management (S2)
Depositing User:	Muhammad Fikri
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2025 13:41
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2025 13:41
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/181292

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