AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIBIOFILM Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922 OLEH EKSTRAK Trichoderma harzianum UICC 1110

TRIANA, GITA and Nurnawati, Elisa (2025) AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIBIOFILM Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922 OLEH EKSTRAK Trichoderma harzianum UICC 1110. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium capable of forming biofilms, protective structures that make it more resistant to antibiotics. These biofilms play an important role in chronic and intractable infections. One alternative approach to overcome this problem is to utilize natural bioactive compounds, such as secondary metabolites from the fungus T. harzianum. T. harzianum has secondary metabolite compounds such as flavanones, terpenoids, steroids and alkaloids as antibacterial and antibiofilm. This study aims to evaluate the activity of secondary metabolites produced by T. harzianum UICC 1110 in inhibiting the formation and degredating the biofilm of S. aureus ATCC 25922. This research was conducted from November 2024 to May 2025. Located in the Microbiology, Biotechnology and Genetics Laboratory of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya. As well as the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Madang and the Faculty of Engineering, Sriwijaya University. The research stages consisted of cultivation and extraction, antibacterial activity testing, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (KHM), determination of compound groups and KLT-Bioautography, inhibition and biofilm degradation formation tests and characterization of cell morphology and S. aureus biofilm using (SEM). The results of the antibacterial activity test obtained by T. harzianum extract showed a value of 8.5 mm with a moderate category in inhibiting bacteria. The value of Minimum Inhibitory concentration (KHM) shows that the smallest concentration that is still able to inhibit bacterial growth is 10 µg/ml with a 7mm inhibition zone. Bioautography KLT test results obtained compound groups, namely phenols and flavonoids. The biofilm test results showed that the secondary metabolites of T. harzianum UICC 1110 were able to inhibit biofilm formation and degrade biofilms that had been formed with an inhibition presentation of 48.72% at a concentration of 200µg/ml and biofilm degradation of 55, 67% at a concentration of 200µg/ml. The results of observations using SEM treated with T. harzianum UICC 1110 extract showed significant changes in the surface structure of biofilms. Keywords : Trichoderma harzianum, secondary metabolites, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial, antibiofilm, SEM Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen oportunistik yang mampu membentuk biofilm, struktur pelindung yang membuatnya lebih resisten terhadap antibiotik. Biofilm ini berperan penting dalam infeksi kronis dan sulit diatasi. Salah satu pendekatan alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah dengan memanfaatkan senyawa bioaktif alami, seperti metabolit sekunder dari jamur Trichoderma harzianum. T. harzianum memiliki senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavanon, terpenoid, steroid dan alkaloid sebagai antibakteri dan antibiofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh T. harzianum UICC 1110 dalam menghambat pembentukan dan mendegredasi biofilm S. aureus ATCC 25922. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2024 sampai bulan Mei 2025. Bertempat di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Bioteknologi dan Genetika Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya. Serta Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sriwijaya, Madang dan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari kultivasi dan ekstraksi, pengujian aktivitas antibakteri, penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM), penentuan golongan senyawa dan KLT-Bioautografi, uji pembentukan penghambatan dan degradasi biofilm serta karakterisasi morfologi sel dan biofilm Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri didapatkan ekstrak T. harzianum menunjukkan nilai 8,5 mm dengan kategori sedang dalam menghambat bakteri. Nilai konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi terkecil yang masih mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri yaitu 10 µg/ml dengan zona hambat 7mm. Hasil uji KLT bioautografi didapatkan golongan senyawa yaitu fenol dan flavonoid. Hasil uji biofilm menunjukkan bahwa metabolit sekunder T. harzianum UICC 1110 mampu menghambat pembentukan biofilm dan mendegredasi biofilm yang telah terbentuk dengan presentasi penghambatan sebesar 48,72% pada konsentrasi 200µg/ml dan degradasi biofilm sebesar 55, 67% pada konsentrasi 200µg/ml. Hasil pengamatan menggunakan SEM diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak T. harzianum UICC 1110 menunjukkan adanya perubahan signifikan pada struktur permukaan biofilm dan sel bakteri. Kata Kunci : Trichoderma harzianum, metabolit sekunder, Staphylococcus aureus, antibakteri, antibiofilm, SEM.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	antibakteri, antibiofilm, trichoderma
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR75-99.5 Bacteria
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 46201-Biology (S1)
Depositing User:	Gita Triana
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2025 07:34
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2025 07:34
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/181348

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