KOMBINASI SPASIO TEMPORAL DAN PENGAMATAN GEODETIK PENURUNAN TANAH, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KERUSAKAN BANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR

ARTINI, SRI REZKY and Dwi Anugerah Putranto, Dinar and UNSPECIFIED (2025) KOMBINASI SPASIO TEMPORAL DAN PENGAMATAN GEODETIK PENURUNAN TANAH, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KERUSAKAN BANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR. Doctoral thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The phenomenon of land subsidence has emerged as an increasingly significant global geospatial issue over the past several decades. Rapid urban expansion, excessive exploitation of underground resources, and drastic land-use changes have been identified as dominant drivers of this process. Areas characterized by alluvial soils and river delta systems are particularly vulnerable to land subsidence, especially in regions experiencing high rates of urbanization and population growth. In this context, Palembang City demonstrates strong indications of progressive land subsidence over the past two decades. The consequences of land subsidence extend beyond the lowering of ground elevation, encompassing structural damage to buildings, disruption of public infrastructure, reduced efficiency of drainage systems, increased tidal flood risk, and heightened threats to the safety of affected populations. Accordingly, precise and continuous mapping and monitoring of soil deformation parameters are crucial for disaster risk mitigation, spatial planning, end the development of urban infrastructure that is adaptive to geospatial change. This study aims to analyze land subsidence in Palembang City through an integrative approach combining remote sensing and field observations. Long-term monitoring and impact analysis of the study area are essential. The specific objectives are as follows: (1) to conduct spatial and temporal analyses of subsidence magnitudes using Sentinel- 1 SAR imagery and benchmarked ground control points (BM) installed at three distinct sites with unique field characteristics; (2) to examine the implications of subsidence for architectural design and structural stability; and (3) to analyze three-dimensional subsidence parameters (X, Y, Z) in relation to architectural forms of urban infrastructure development. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of high-resolution Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) and millimeter-level precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations to simultaneously assess spatial soil deformation and its architectural implications in rapidly developing deltaic urban environments. This combined approach enhances the accuracy and reliability of subsidence monitoring outcomes. Two primary methods were employed. First, the D-InSAR technique was applied to detect vertical deformation with wide coverage and high spatio-temporal resolution. Second, GNSS observations were used for calibration and validation, achieving accuracy at the sub-millimeter level. The analysis was conducted using two datasets from different observation periods: October 2014 to August 2019 and August 2019 to March 2024. During the first period, Palembang experienced subsidence ranging from —19.9 cm to —0.1 cm, predominantly in the Seberang Ilir area north of the Must River. The highest subsidence (—19.9 to —10.0 cm) occurred around the river, while uplift of +0.1 to +5.0 cm was observed in areas bordering Ogan Ilir Regency. In the second period, Seberang Ilir subsided by —14.8 to —0.1 cm, particularly in areas adjacent to Banyuasin Regency, whereas other parts of the city showed uplift ranging from +0.1 to + 19.6 cm. GNSS data from three observation point UNSRI-Pl0 (a residential area on reclaimed swamp land), UNSRI-P09 (the Palembang Sport City development on reclaimed deep swamp land), and UNSRI-P 11 (a lowland area developed into Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport orroborated these findings. UNSRl-PO9 recorded subsidence of —2.5 cm, UNSRI-P 11 registered extreme subsidence of —14.9 cm, while UNSRI-PIO exhibited vertical stability. Comparative analysis across the two periods revealed heterogeneous and significant patterns of land subsidence influenced by local geological conditions, land-use patterns, and groundwater extraction intensity. Cross-sectional analysis along the city's main artery, J1. Jenderal Sudirman leading to Ampera Bridge, indicated non-uniform subsidence between August 2019 and March 2024. The CS 1 I point recorded the highest subsidence (—3.8 cm), while other sites ranged from —2.7 cm to —3.7 cm, highlighting the close relationship between local geotechnical conditions, urban development pressures, and soil deformation. The principal contribution of this research is the development of a geospatial technology-based land subsidence monitoring model to support spatial planning policies, infrastructure risk mitigation, and urban development strategies responsive to soil morphological changes. The integration of D-InSAR and GNSS methods has proven effective in generating high-resolution and applicable soil deformation maps. Furthermore, this approach opens opportunities for the implementation of geospatial deformation- based early warning systems to strengthen urban resilience against long-term subsidence risks. Thus, this study not only provides scientific documentation of the land subsidence phenomenon in Palembang City but also introduces a novel framework for integrative, adaptive, and sustainable monitoring systems within the broader context of urban planning and geospatial management under intensifying climate change and urbanization pressures. Keywords: land subsidence, alluvial, river delta, D-lnSAR, GNSS

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ilmu Teknik, Teknik Sipil
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA174.A385 Engineering design--Data processing. Manufacturing processes--Data processing. Computer integrated manufacturing systems. Manufacturing processes--Automation. CAD/CAM systems.
Divisions:	03-Faculty of Engineering > 21001-Engineering Science (S3)
Depositing User:	Sri Rezki Artini
Date Deposited:	17 Sep 2025 01:44
Last Modified:	17 Sep 2025 01:45
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/184070

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