GREEN SYNTHESIS NANOPARTIKEL BESI OKSIDA EKSTRAK JARAH GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.) MENGGUNAKAN DESAIN FAKTORIAL UNTUK PEMANFAATAN PHOTOTHERMAL SEBAGAI AGEN TROMBOLITIK

MAHARANI, NABILA PUAN and Fithri, Najma Annuria and Fitrya, Fitrya (2025) GREEN SYNTHESIS NANOPARTIKEL BESI OKSIDA EKSTRAK JARAH GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.) MENGGUNAKAN DESAIN FAKTORIAL UNTUK PEMANFAATAN PHOTOTHERMAL SEBAGAI AGEN TROMBOLITIK. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Thrombosis is a leading global cause of cardiovascular diseases. While anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and thrombolytic therapies are the standard clinical treatments, iron oxide nanoparticles offer an alternative approach due to their ability to accumulate at sites of inflammation, such as thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques. These nanoparticles can act as photothermal agents, absorbing light and converting it into heat through electronic excitation. Photothermal therapy including laser-induced hyperthermia and thermal ablation has shown effectiveness in treating thrombosis. Uncaria gambir Roxb. (jarah gambir) extract, rich in catechins, serves as a natural reducing agent to lower the toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles. This study aimed to develop iron oxide nanoparticles via a green microwave-assisted synthesis method using jarah gambir extract. A 2² factorial design was employed, with two factors: extract concentration (5% and 10%) and microwave cycles (1× and 5×), resulting in four formulations (F1–F4). Extract characterization showed water content (8.986%), water-soluble extract (0.4283%), ethanol-soluble extract (0.2675%), total ash (0.0834%), and acid-insoluble ash (0.259%). The optimal formulation (10% extract, 1× microwave) produced spherical nanoparticles (10–20 nm). FTIR analysis confirmed O–H, aromatic C=O/C=C, and C–O groups from the extract, along with Fe–Cl and Fe–O vibrations indicative of iron oxide. The formulation demonstrated stability in PBS, photothermal efficiency of 21.6%, thrombolytic activity of 25%, and mild-to-moderate hemolytic activity (5–20%). These findings suggest that green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles using Uncaria gambir extract show promising potential as photothermal-based antithrombotic agents.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	green synthesis, jarah gambir, nanopartikel besi oksida, photothermal therapy, trombolitik
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica > RS192-199 Pharmaceutical technology
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 48201-Pharmacy (S1)
Depositing User:	Nabila Puan Maharani
Date Deposited:	17 Sep 2025 07:58
Last Modified:	17 Sep 2025 07:58
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/184136

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