EKSPLORASI JAMUR ENDOFITIK DARI DAUN JAGUNG, PISANG, DAN SAYURAN DARI DATARAN RENDAH DAN TINGGI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN LARVA SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA

SARI, JELLY MILINIA PUSPITA and Herlinda, Siti (2020) EKSPLORASI JAMUR ENDOFITIK DARI DAUN JAGUNG, PISANG, DAN SAYURAN DARI DATARAN RENDAH DAN TINGGI SUMATERA SELATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN LARVA SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest of maize which can cause high losses and become a world problem. S. frugiperda actively attacks the growing point of the maize plant in the larval stage which causes the plant to be damaged and even die. One of the best controls is to take advantage of natural enemies. A fungus that is used to control S. frugiperda has been found in several countries. Information on endophytic entomopathogenic fungi in South Sumatera does not yet exist, therefore this study aims to explore and identify endophytic fungi from the leaf tissue of corn, banana and S. frugiperda host plants morphologically, and to test the potential of endophytic fungi isolates as entomopathogens against S. frugiperda larvae. This research was conducted at the Entomotology Laboratory, Department of Pests and Plants Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture. Sriwijaya University from March 2020 to November 2020. This research uses isolation obtained from exploration in several districts/cities in South Sumatra by taking corn leaves, bananas, and S. frugiperda host plants. Furthermore, the entmopathogen test of S. frugiperda larvae used a completely randomized design (CRD) using 7 treatments that were repeated 3 times and put in on an incubator with a temperature of 29 °C and 93% relative institutionalization and observed for 12 days. The results showed that 6 endophytic fungi isolates were cultured in GYA (Glocose Yeast Agar) with the isolates code JaTpOi, JaGiP, JaTpOi, PiCr Pga, CaTp Pga, and JaSpk Pga. There are four isolates of fungi that have been identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic appearance, namely JaTpOi and JaGiP isolates from the genus Beauveria, JaTpO from the genus Penicilium, JaSpk pga isolates from the Sporocadaceae family, while the CaTp Pga and PiCrPga isolates are knew. The lowest leaf area loss was found in isolates with JaGiP code, namely 5.432 cm2 and the lowest weight of manure was in JaGiP, namely 8.72 mg tail-1. JaTpOi, JaGiP, JaTpOi, PiCrPga, and CaTpPga isolates were tested against pathogenic S.frugiperda with a mortality of less than 20% and the highest mortality was found in JaGiP isolates with a mortality of 18.67%, L50 and L95 of JaGiP isolates, namely 17.35 days and 27.57 day. The lowest percentage of pupa and imago that appeared in JaGiP isolates were 81 and 73%. The highest average of pupa and imperfect imago were in JaTpOi1 8 and 9 individuals. The weight and length of the pupae were tapered on JaTpOi2 144.67 and 1.37 cm tail-1. The length of the male imago (1.35 cm tail-1) and female (1.36 cm tail-1) was the length of the imago. The wing spans were found on JaGiP for males (1.35 cm tail-1) and females (1.29 cm tail-1). The conclusion of this study is the discovery of 5 endophytic entomopathogenic fungi isolates from the genus Beauveria (JaTpOi1 and JaGiP), Penicillium (JaTpOi2), and isolates of CaTpPga and PiCrPga are not yet known. Entomopathogenic endophytic fungi are able to influence the level of food preference and metabolism of S. frugiperda. The most pathogenic isolate was found in JaGiP with a mortality of 19% with a killing time of 50% and 95%, namely 17 days and 28 days. JaTpOi1, JaGiP, JaTpOi2, PiCrPga, and CaTpPga isolates have the potential to be further investigated as biological controllers in controlling S. frugiperda in South Sumatra. Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda, Endophytic fungi, entomopathogens.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Spodoptera frugiperda, Jamur endofit, entomopatogen.
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S1-(972) Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB1-1110 Plant culture
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54295-Plant Protection (S1)
Depositing User:	Users 9550 not found.
Date Deposited:	05 Jan 2021 04:19
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2021 04:19
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/39221

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