JAMUR ENDOFIT SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP LARVA Spodoptera frugiperda DAN PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT JAGUNG

MUNTHE, BELLA THERESIA and Herlinda, Siti (2021) JAMUR ENDOFIT SEBAGAI ENTOMOPATOGEN TERHADAP LARVA Spodoptera frugiperda DAN PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT JAGUNG. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a food commodity that is being developed in Indonesia on a large scale and the main food for Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. S. frugiperda larvae can cause the destruction of leaves, stems or flowers of plants, as a result they can interfere with photosynthetic plants, damage plant growth and reproduction structures, or damage the cobs directly. The use of entomopathogenic endophytic fungi has been widely used in several countries. To control S. frugiperda larvae, it would be more effective to use endophytic fungi because endophytic fungi colonize plant tissues systemically and associate in mutualism without being pathogenic to the host plant. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct research to test the pathogenicity of endophytic fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and to test endophytic fungi as growth promoters of maize seedlings. This study consisted of two experiments designed according to a randomized block design (RAK) with eight treatments control, isolat JgSPK, JaGiP, JgCrJr, JaTpOi(1), JaSPKPga(3), JaTpOi(2), CaTpPga and three replications. The method that have been used in this study is the test of fungal activator as a growth promoter and the potential for endophytic entomopathogenic fungi. The variables observed in this study were differences in seed germination, plant height, leaf length and width, number of leaves, and wet and dry weight of corn plants, larvae body weight and leaf area eaten and feces produced daily between treatments (isolates). , mortality and the percentage of larvae that became pupae and imago that emerged. The lowest average of leaf area eaten was found in isolate JgCrJr with 5.77 cm2. The weight of larval fecal produced by untreated larvae with treated larvae was significantly different. It is suspected that fungi of the genus Beauveria, Penicillium, Curvularia, and Metarhizium affect the level of feeding preferences and metabolism of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. Of the seven isolates used, the most pathogenic isolate for Spodoptera frugiperda larvae was CaTpPga isolate (Metarhizium anisopliae) with 34.67% mortality percentage and LT50 of 12.51 days, followed by JgSPK isolate (Beauveria bassiana) with 33.33% mortality percentage and LT50 for 13.53 days. The lowest percentage of larvae that became pupae was found in CaTpPga isolates, which was 65.33% with an average of 2 abnormal pupae that appeared, while the lowest percentage of pupae into adult was found in CaTpPga isolates, which was 54.67% with an average of 1 abnormal imago. Endophytic fungi affect the growth of corn seedlings grown on hydroponic media. This can be seen from the growth of seedlings that were significantly different between the control and the treated ones. The highest leaf length when the plant was 7 DAP was found in JaTpOi(2) isolate with a length of 8.59 cm and the largest leaf width was found in JaTpOi(1) isolate. When the plant was 14 DAP, the highest leaf length was found in CaTpPga isolates at 13.07 cm, and the largest leaf width was found in JgSPK isolates at 1.26 cm. The results of this study showed that endophytic fungi that act as entomopathogenic fungi were found in isolates of JgSPK, JaGiP, JgCrJr, JaTpOi(1), JaSPKPga(3), JaTpOi(2), and CaTpPga. JgSPK, JaGiP, JgCrJr, and JaTpOi(1) isolates were from the genus Beauveria, JaSPKPga(3) was from the genus Curvularia, JaTpOi(2) was from the genus Penicillium, and CaTpPga was from the genus Metarhizium. The most pathogenic isolates against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae were CaTpPga isolate with mortality of 34.67% and the duration of killing 50% of isolates was 12.51 days. CaTpPga isolate can reduce the percentage of adult emergence up to 65.33% which appears. The number of imperfect pupae and adult was also the most commonly found in CaTpPga isolates. Endophytic fungi can stimulate the growth of corn seedlings seen from leaf length, root length, and leaf width, which were significantly different between treatments and controls, was found in CaTpPga isolate.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Spodoptera frugiperda, Jamur endofit, entomopatogen
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S1-(972) Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54295-Plant Protection (S1)
Depositing User:	Bella Theresia Munthe
Date Deposited:	21 Jan 2022 05:57
Last Modified:	21 Jan 2022 05:57
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/62174

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