Heydir, Laurel (2017) CUSTOMARY FORESTS AND CONSERVATION. In: Conservation and Indigenous People. White Paper, 3 (3). Winrock International / USAID / The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Jakarta, pp. 73-109. ISBN 978-602-52664-1-6
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Abstract
This paper elaborates on aspects associated with the phenomenon of customary forests managed by indigenous communities. There are three aspects closely related to the phenomenon of customary forests: the social aspect (indigenous community), the territorial aspect (indigenous territory), and the legal aspect (customary law). Through a sectoral approach, these three aspects are regulated by different sectoral regimes. A cross-sectoral arrangement is often problematic in Indonesia because of the existence of government ego-sectors which hamper communication and coordination among those sectors. Conservation is a forest function that acts in addition to protection and production functions. Customary forests are constitutionally eligible to participate in natural/forest resource management. However, in the field, socio-cultural changes convert community members from a simple communal life toward more individualistic and materialistic lifestyles, which in turn lead to a gluttonous attitude to forest resource exploitation. This change in community perspective is the root of the threat to forest conservation and protection functions. Key Words: Customary Forest, Conservation, Coordination, Ego-Sectors
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