STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROZOOBENTHOS DI SUNGAI OGAN BAGIAN HULU KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

NADITAR, TYARA and Hanafiah, Zazili (2023) STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROZOOBENTHOS DI SUNGAI OGAN BAGIAN HULU KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

SUMMARY Ogan River located in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra Province with a length of ± 170 km and 50 m wide with water discharge reaching 136,614 m/hour. Although the upstream of Ogan River has a natural environmental hue with many secondary forests and hilly areas, it doesn’t rule out the possibility of stress on the aquatic environment because the upstream of Ogan River is often used by the community for bathing, washing, latrines and agricultural irrigation for rice fields and plantations owned by residents and the land around the river continues to be crowded by residential settlements. This can disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems that will have an impact on changes in water quality which includes physical, chemical and biological changes in water, especially macrozoobenthos organisms that live in the bottom of the water. Macrozoobenthos are often used as bioindicators to provide information on water quality because they are sensitive to changes in the aquatic environment. Pollution and busy activities in the The upstream of Ogan River are expected to affect the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in it. The research was conducted from March to May 2023, in The upstream of Ogan River, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra Province. Observations and identification were conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology and Development, Department of Biology, FMIPA, Sriwijaya University. Measurements of physical and chemical parameters were carried out directly in the field while testing TSS levels was carried out at the Palembang City Standardization and Industrial Services Laboratory. The study aims to determine, explain and compare the structure of macrozoobenthos communities between stations in The upstream of Ogan River, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra Province which includes composition, density, diversity index, dominance index and community similarity index. The conclusion of this study is the total composition of macrozoobenthos in The upstream of Ogan River consists of 3 phyla, 4 classes, 10 orders, 23 families and 28 genera. The total density of macrozoobenthos ranged from 652- 5140 ind/m2. The diversity index shows a relatively moderate macrozoobenthos diversity with an index value between 1.53-2.54. The dominance index shows the absence of macrozoobenthos species that dominate with an index value between 0.1-0.34, which means that the macrozoobenthos community structure is stable. Similarity index of macrozoobenthos communities at six research stations in The upstream of Ogan River, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra Province is relatively the same. Based on the measurement of environmental parameters that are categorized as normal and the index of the macrozoobenthos community structure is relatively stable, The upstream of Ogan River is classified as waters with good quality. Keywords: Community structure, Macrozoobenthos, The Upstream of Ogan River RINGKASAN Sungai Ogan terletak di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dengan panjang ± 170 km dan lebar 50 m dengan debit air mencapai 136.614 m/jam. Meskipun bagian hulu nya memiliki rona lingkungan yang masih alami dengan banyaknya hutan sekunder dan area perbukitan, tidak menutup kemungkinan adanya tekanan (stress) pada lingkungan perairan karena Sungai Ogan bagian hulu sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk kegiatan mandi, cuci, kakus dan irigasi pertanian untuk persawahan dan perkebunan milik warga serta lahan sekitar sungai terus dipadati oleh pemukiman warga. Hal ini dapat mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem perairan yang akan berdampak pada perubahan kualitas air yang mencakup perubahan fisik, kimia dan biologi perairan khususnya organisme makrozoobenthos yang hidup menetap di dasar perairan. Makrozoobenthos sering digunakan sebagai bioindikator untuk memberikan informasi mengenai kualitas perairan karena memiliki sifat yang peka terhadap perubahan lingkungan perairan. Pencemaran dan ramainya aktivitas di Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu diperkirakan dapat mempengaruhi struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos di dalamnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2023, di Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Pengamatan dan identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisiologi dan Perkembangan, Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Sriwijaya. Pengukuran parameter fisika dan kimia dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan sedangkan pengujian kadar TSS dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri Kota Palembang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui, menjelaskan dan membandingkan struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos antar stasiun di Sungai Ogan bagian hulu, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan yang mencakup komposisi, kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks dominansi dan indeks kesamaan komunitas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah komposisi total makrozoobenthos di Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu terdiri dari 3 filum, 4 kelas, 10 ordo, 23 famili dan 28 genera. Kepadatan total makrozoobenthos berkisar antara 652-5140 ind/m2 . Indeks keanekaragaman menunjukkan keanekaragaman makrozoobenthos yang relatif sedang dengan nilai indeks antara 1,53-2,54. Indeks dominansi menunjukkan tidak adanya jenis makrozoobenthos yang mendominasi dengan nilai indeks antara 0,1-0,34 yang berarti struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos dalam keadaan stabil. Indeks kesamaan komunitas makrozoobenthos pada enam stasiun penelitian di Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan relatif sama. Berdasarkan pengukuran parameter lingkungan yang dikategorikan normal dan indeks pada struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos yang relatif stabil, Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu tergolong dalam perairan dengan kualitas yang masih baik. Kata Kunci : Struktur komunitas, Makrozoobenthos, Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Struktur komunitas, Makrozoobenthos, Sungai Ogan Bagian Hulu
Subjects:	Q Science > QL Zoology > QL360-599.82 Invertebrates
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 46201-Biology (S1)
Depositing User:	Tyara Naditar
Date Deposited:	29 Aug 2023 06:02
Last Modified:	29 Aug 2023 06:02
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/128016

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