KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN SAWO (Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti L. INSTAR III

FEBRIYANA, NI WAYAN LOGITA and Kamal, Mustafa and Marisa, Hanifa (2021) KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN SAWO (Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti L. INSTAR III. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN SAWO (Manilkara zapota (L.) P Royen) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA INSTAR III Aedes aegypti L. THE ABILITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF SAPODILLA LEAVES (Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen) FOR MORTALITY OF LARVAE Aedes aegypti L. INSTAR III Mustafa Kamal, Hanifa Marisa, Ni Wayan Logita Febriyana Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sriwijaya Jalan Palembang-Prabumulih, KM 32 Indralaya Ogan Ilir 30662; Telp. 0711580067/Faks. 0711-580067 e-mail: niwayanlogita@gmail.com Tanggal: 23 Juli 2021 ABSTRAK: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue melalui vektor berupa nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. Pemakaian larvasida sintetik merupakan salah satu cara pengendalian vektor nyamuk Ae. aegypti yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Penggunaan larvasida sintetik dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah lingkungan, untuk itu perlu dicari alternatif lain yang lebih aman bagi manusia dan lingkungan yaitu dengan insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak dan fraksi daun sawo sebagai larvasida nabati terhadap mortalitas larva instar III Ae. Aegypti, serta mengetahui nilai LC50 ekstrak dan fraksi dari daun sawo. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 5 pengulangan. Prosedur pada penelitian ini yakni pertama mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak dan fraksi daun sawo sebagai larvasida nabati dengan menguji ekstrak dan fraksi terhadap larva instar III Ae. aegypti, diamati mortalitas dan kemudian dimasukkan dalam rumus % mortalitas. Kedua, mengetahui nilai LC50 ekstrak dan fraksi daun sawo dengan menganalisis data mortalitas yang sudah ada dengan menggunakan Analisis Probit. Hasil Penelitian diketahui bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi daun sawo (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) memiliki kemampuan dalam membunuh larva isntar III nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Persentase kematian larva uji pada ekstrak daun sawo berturut-turut adalah 18%, 25%, 33%, dan 57%, sedangkan persentase kematian larva uji pada fraksi n-heksan berturut-turut adalah 45%, 53%, 64%, 71% dan 80%. Nilai LC50 yang mampu membunuh 50% pada ekstrak daun sawo sebesar 1756,74 ppm dan pada fraksi sebesar 1607,00 ppm. Senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat pada fraksi n-heksan daun sawo adalah terpenoid,flavonoid, fenol dan tanin. Kata kunci: Larvasida nabati, (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen), Aedes aegypti L. ABSTRACT: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus through a vector in the form of the Aedes aegypti L. The use of synthetic larvicides is one way of controlling the Ae. aegypti mosquito vector which is often carried out by the community. The use of synthetic larvicides can cause various environmental problems, so it is necessary to look for other alternatives that are safer for humans and the environment, namely with vegetable insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extracts and fractions of sapodilla leaves as vegetable larvicides on mortality of third instar larvae of Ae. Aegypti, and to determine the LC50 value of extracts and fractions of sapodilla leaves. The experimental design in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 5 repetitions. The procedure in this study was to first determine the ability of the extract and fraction of sapodilla leaves as vegetable larvicides by testing the extract and fraction against third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti, observed mortality and then included it in the % mortality formula. Second, knowing the value of LC50 extract and fraction of sapodilla leaves by analyzing existing mortality data using Probit Analysis. The results showed that the extract and fraction of sapodilla leaves (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) had the ability to kill the larvae of the third Ae. aegypti mosquito. The percentage of mortality of test larvae in sapodilla leaf extract was 18%, 25%, 33%, and 57%, respectively, while the percentage of mortality of test larvae in the n-hexane fraction were 45%, 53%, 64%, 71%, respectively. and 80%. The LC50 value which was able to kill 50% of the sapodilla leaf extract was 1756.74 ppm and the fraction was 1607.00 ppm. The bioactive compounds contained in the n-hexane fraction of sapodilla leaves are terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. Keywords: Larvacide, (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen), Aedes aegypti L.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Larvacide, (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen), Aedes aegypti L.
Subjects:	Q Science > QL Zoology > QL461-599.82 Insects
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 46201-Biology (S1)
Depositing User:	Ni Wayan Logita Febriyana
Date Deposited:	22 Dec 2021 06:27
Last Modified:	22 Dec 2021 06:27
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/59389

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