IDENTIFIKASI SPESIES KUTUDAUN (HEMIPTERA:APHIDIDAE) YANG DITEMUKAN PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES TANAMAN JERUK (Citrus spp.) DI KOTA PAGAR ALAM, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

GINTING, CESEY GRESYA and Irsan, Chandra and Anggraini, Erise (2023) IDENTIFIKASI SPESIES KUTUDAUN (HEMIPTERA:APHIDIDAE) YANG DITEMUKAN PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES TANAMAN JERUK (Citrus spp.) DI KOTA PAGAR ALAM, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

The Citrus plants (Citrus spp.) is a plantation crop classified as horticulture. Consumer demand for citrus fruits consistently increases every year. Orange fruit contains vitamin C and minerals that are beneficial for health. However, orange production often occurs constraints, one of which is caused by Plant Disturbing Organisms (OPT), namely aphids. Information on the diversity of aphids species on citrus plants is still limited, so farmers still find it difficult to distinguish between aphids species and the symptoms they cause. This study aims to determine and identify the types of aphids that associate and attack citrus plants. This research was conducted at a location where there are citrus plants in Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra Province. Aphids microscope preparation and identification were carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. This research was conducted from June to November 2023. Data collection was carried out by observation on citrus plants by direct observation looking for aphids (Aphididae) and making microscope preparations of aphids carried out by the permanent preparation method (Canada balm). The results obtained the most common citrus plant species found in Pagar Alam City is Citrus reticulata (gerga orange). Villages with the highest population of aphids were found in Tanjung Aro and Pagar Jaya villages. While the citrus species that host the most dominant aphids are C. reticulata (gerga orange) and C. sinensis (sweet orange). Aphids found amounted to 3 species from the Aphididae family, namely Toxoptera aurantii (Fonscolombe, 1841), Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy, 1907), and Aphis spiraecola (Patch, 1914). Aphid attacks of the three species were only found on shoots, twigs, and leaves. The most dominant colony of aphids found was the species T. citricidus. The number of colonies of the Toxoptera genus on plants was more than the Aphis genus. The three species of aphids found were wingless (apterae) and winged (alatae). The Toxoptera genus attacks young shoots such as shoots, leaves, stems or young twigs, besides that attacks can also occur on old leaves and stems. Meanwhile, the Aphis genus only attacks young shoots on the top of the plant. The morphology of aphids T. aurantii is brown, T. citricidus is black and A. spiraecola is green. The species T. aurantii produces sounds when walking. The T. citricidus species does not produce audible sounds when walking. While the species A. spiraecola from the genus Aphis where when disturbed there is no movement or friction between body parts, because it does not have a stidulatory motion device like the genus Toxoptera. This indicates that the identification of the Toxoptera genus and the Aphis genus found in the field can be distinguished by the presence of important body parts in the Toxoptera genus, namely abdominal spines and stridulators. The conclusion of this research is in citrus plants (Citrus spp.) in the city of pagar alam, South Sumatra province, 2 genus and 3 species of aphids were found. The genus found was Aphis and Toxoptera. The three aphids species found were A. spiraecola, T. aurantii and T. citricidus. T. aurantii is brown, T. citricidus is black and A. spiraecola is green. The presence of aphids on citrus plants can be identified through symptoms of attack and association with ants on plant parts. The Toxoptera genus attacks young shoots such as shoots, leaves, stems or young twigs, but attacks can also occur on old leaves and twigs. Meanwhile, the Aphis genus only attacks young shoots on the top of the plant.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Canada balm, Toxoptera aurantii, Toxoptera citricidus, Aphis spiraecola, stridulatory
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB317.5-319.864 Horticulture. Horticultural crops S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB354-402 Fruit and fruit culture S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB599-990.5 Pests and diseases S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB608 Individual or types of plants or trees
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54295-Plant Protection (S1)
Depositing User:	Cesey Gresya Ginting
Date Deposited:	05 Jan 2024 08:23
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2024 08:23
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/137578

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