The Influence of Temperature and Time Carbonization and Activator Concentration on the Making of Activated Carbon from Rice Hull

Agustina, Tuty E. and Andini, Ade and Fitrina, Anna (2009) The Influence of Temperature and Time Carbonization and Activator Concentration on the Making of Activated Carbon from Rice Hull. In: Proceeding of Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy Science and Technology (SISEST) 2009. Sriwijaya University, Palembang. ISBN 978-979-18845-1-8

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Abstract

South Sumatra as one of the national rice producer is estimated to generate production of rice in the form of waste rice hull in average of more than 6000 tons annually. Generally, this waste utilization is not maximized, sometimes even become into a waste that can cause environmental pollution. So far the use of waste only as fuel for cooking and as a material for washing utensils. On the other hand, the activated carbon demand as adsorbent continues to increase, especially in the field of pharmaceutical industry, textile industry, food industry, and waste handling. To further empower the solid waste and rice hull to reduce the negative effects of the waste, then one alternative is to process it into the activated carbon. Expected results of this research will provide solution in the utilization of rice hull waste and provide an alternative for the provision of activated carbon. Activated carbon from rice hull prepared by carbonization of rice hull in a furnace at temperatures 400-600oC for 1-3 hours. The carbon formed is activated by soaking in a solution of NaOH activator. The concentration of NaOH used is 0,1-0,3 M. Then further test of the volatile matter, moisture content, ash content, absorption of iodine, and fixed carbon value was performed. From the research results, it can be concluded that the optimum temperature and time carbonization on the making activated carbon from rice hull is at 600oC for 3 hours. Increasing temperature and carbonization time is proportional to the iodine absorption and ash content value. But inversely with the water content, the volatile matter content, and the fixed carbon content value. The optimum activator concentration is the concentration NaOH of 0.1 M. The increasing of activator concentration is directly proportional to the water content and the volatile matter content value. But inversely proportional to the iodine absorption, the ash content, and the fixed carbon content value. Making the activated carbon from rice hull produces activated carbon which has the iodine absorption of 1861 mg/g, the water content of 0.99%, the ash content of 18.52%, the volatile matter content of 15.29% and the fixed carbon content of 66.19%, which is fulfill the quality of activated carbon according to Indonesian Industrial Standard (SII No. 0258-88).

Item Type:	Book Section
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Activated carbon, rice hull, temperature and time carbonization, activator concentration
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1-1185 Chemical technology
Divisions:	03-Faculty of Engineering > 21201-Mechanical Engineering (S1)
Depositing User:	Dr. Tuty Emilia Agustina
Date Deposited:	17 Oct 2019 06:11
Last Modified:	17 Oct 2019 06:11
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/10896

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