KARAKTER MORFOLOGI, PRODUKTIVITAS DAN SENYAWA BIOAKTIF TANAMAN REMPAH PADA INTENSITAS CAHAYA RENDAH DI BAWAH TEGAKAN KELAPA SAWIT

KURNIANINGSIH, ASTUTI (2024) KARAKTER MORFOLOGI, PRODUKTIVITAS DAN SENYAWA BIOAKTIF TANAMAN REMPAH PADA INTENSITAS CAHAYA RENDAH DI BAWAH TEGAKAN KELAPA SAWIT. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

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Abstract

Medicinal plants, also known as biopharmaceuticals, are plants or medicinal plants that are cultivated and used for medicinal purposes directly and indirectly, because of the active ingredients contain. Medicinal plants have preventive and promotive properties through the content of secondary metabolites such as gingiro in ginger and xanthorizhol in java turmeric. Cardamom seeds contain essential oils and 1,8-cineole compounds which can improve the immune system and show several biological activities, namely anticancer, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic to various central nervous system activities. Cardamom, ginger, and ginger are medicinal plants that have many benefits and their consumption continues to increase, this is shown by the increase in exports. Several medicinal plants planted as intercrops show results active compound that are no different from the monoculture system. Measurements of curcuminoids and xanthorrhizhol in ginger do not differ between intercropping and monoculture crops, so they can be used as a reference for increasing farmers' income. Ginger production can be increased by increasing land for cultivation, but existing agricultural land is increasingly narrowing so alternative land is needed that can be used for cultivating ginger plants. One way is by utilizing intervening land in plantation areas. The plantation land that can be optimized for use is oil palm plantation land. Export demand increases every year, and the volume of ginger exports has a significant influence on the competitive advantage of Indonesian ginger in the international market. This is because the terms and conditions for ginger for export are quite strict, the low quality of national ginger determines the high or low demand for ginger in the international market. Good quality ginger is obtained by improving cultivation, one of which is through fertilization. The use of fertilizer is one of the efforts to increase crop production that has been carried out by farmers. The first study was the morphological, physiological, and active ingredient characters of ginger, cardamom, and java turmeric plants at several shade intensities. The study aimed to examine the effect of shade on the morphological, physiological, and active ingredient characters of plants, the plants used were red ginger variety jahira 2, curcuma variety cursina 2, and cardamom variety sabrang, with shade density levels of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The results of the study showed that the appropriate shade level for ginger plants ranged from 28,57-46,55% with the production of 10,16 shoots and gingerol content of 12,48 mg g-1 dry weight, and the appropriate shade level for java turmeric was 35,5% with xanthorizol content of 3,56 mg g-1 dry weight, while the appropriate shade level for cardamom plants ranged from 36,16-50,13% with the number of stomata of 17,72 and the number of shoots of 16,76. The second study was the application of fertilizer to increase production and content of bioactive compounds in ginger plants planted under oil palm stands. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best fertilizer dose to increase production and content of bioactive compounds in ginger plants planted under oil palm stands at different positions in blocks based on the direction of sunlight. The plant used was ginger. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design, the first factor was the position of the plot in the block or experimental area which described the different levels of light intensity (front row of the block, middle of the block and back of the block) and the second factor was the composition of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. The results showed that based on the direction of sunlight, ginger plants can be planted in all areas of oil palm planting blocks that are 10 years old. The right dose of ginger plant fertilizer is the application of 20 tons of manure ha-1 with a rhizome production of 17.83 g per plant. Keywords: gingerol, fertilization, intercropping, xanthorhizol

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S589.7 Agricultural ecology (General)
Divisions:	05-Faculty of Agriculture > 54204-Agronomy (Agricultural Sciences) (S1)
Depositing User:	Astuti Kurnianingsih
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2024 02:07
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2024 02:07
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/158154

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