STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS PLANKTON DI BEBERAPA MUARA ANAK SUNGAI MUSI BAGIAN HULU KOTA PALEMBANG

NADIANSYAH, FINA and Setiawan, Doni (2025) STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS PLANKTON DI BEBERAPA MUARA ANAK SUNGAI MUSI BAGIAN HULU KOTA PALEMBANG. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

RESUME Musi River is the main river that crosses Palembang City and is currently experiencing a significant decline in water quality, mainly due to industrial activities as well as the flow of drainage systems from tributaries that drain directly into the main body of the river. One organism that is commonly used as a biological indicator of water quality is plankton, because plankton has a high sensitivity to changes in environmental conditions. Changes in water quality can affect the composition and structure of the plankton community, for this reason this study aims to determine the structure of the plankton community and evaluate the current condition of water quality in several estuaries of the upper Musi River tributaries in Palembang City. The method used was purposive sampling, taking into account the environmental characteristics of each observation station. Identification of plankton samples was carried out at the Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University. The results found 67 genera belonging to 12 classes. The plankton abundance index on the first trip ranged from 26-58 individuals per liter (ind/L), while on the second trip there was a significant increase, which ranged from 66-175 ind/L. The diversity index on the first trip was in the range of 2.13-2.68, indicating a moderate level of diversity and on the second trip, the diversity index varied more widely at moderate to high levels with a range of 1.25-3.41, reflecting more dynamic ecosystem conditions. The dominance index at all observation stations showed values <0.5, which means that no plankton species dominated the community. The uniformity index showed high values at almost all stations, except at Station 1 in the second trip which experienced a decrease in uniformity. The plankton community similarity index between stations on the first trip ranged from 34.78% to 83.33%, while on the second trip the similarity value increased with a range of ≥50%, indicating a more even community homogeneity. The saprobic index showed values between -1 to 1 on the first trip, indicating that the water conditions were classified as mildly to moderately polluted. Meanwhile, on the second trip the saprobic index was in the range of -0.3 to 0.6, indicating mildly to moderately polluted water conditions. Keywords : community structure, Musi River, plankton, tributaries.RINGKASAN Sungai Musi merupakan sungai utama yang melintasi Kota Palembang dan saat ini mengalami penurunan kualitas air yang signifikan, terutama akibat aktivitas industri serta aliran sistem drainase dari anak-anak sungai yang bermuara langsung ke badan utama sungai. Salah satu organisme yang umum digunakan sebagai indikator biologis kualitas air adalah plankton, karena plankton memiliki sensitivitas tinggi terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Perubahan kualitas perairan dapat mempengaruhi komposisi dan struktur komunitas plankton, untuk itulah penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas plankton serta mengevaluasi kondisi terkini kualitas air di beberapa muara anak Sungai Musi bagian hulu wilayah Kota Palembang. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik lingkungan pada masing- masing stasiun pengamatan. Identifikasi sampel plankton dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekologi, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sriwijaya. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 67 genera yang tergolong ke dalam 12 kelas. Nilai kelimpahan plankton pada trip pertama berkisar antara 26–58 individu per liter (ind/L), sedangkan pada trip kedua mengalami peningkatan signifikan, yaitu berkisar antara 66–175 ind/L. Indeks keanekaragaman pada trip pertama berada dalam kisaran 2,13–2,68, yang menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman sedang dan pada trip kedua, indeks keanekaragaman bervariasi lebih luas pada tingkat sedang sampai tinggi dengan kisaran 1,25–3,41, yang mencerminkan kondisi ekosistem yang lebih dinamis. Indeks dominansi pada seluruh stasiun pengamatan menunjukkan nilai < 0,5, yang berarti tidak ada spesies plankton yang secara dominan mendominasi komunitas. Indeks keseragaman menunjukkan nilai yang tinggi di hampir seluruh stasiun, kecuali pada Stasiun 1 di trip kedua yang mengalami penurunan keseragaman. Indeks kesamaan komunitas plankton antar stasiun pada trip pertama berkisar antara 34,78% hingga 83,33%, sementara pada trip kedua nilai kesamaan meningkat dengan kisaran ≥50%, mengindikasikan homogenitas komunitas yang lebih merata. Indeks saprobik menunjukkan nilai antara -1 hingga 1 pada trip pertama, yang mengindikasikan kondisi perairan tergolong tercemar ringan hingga cukup berat. Sementara itu, pada trip kedua indeks saprobik berada pada kisaran -0,3 hingga 0,6, menunjukkan kondisi perairan yang tercemar ringan hingga sedang. Kata Kunci : Anak sungai, plankton, struktur komunitas, Sungai Musi.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	anak sungai, plankton, struktur komunitas, sungai musi
Subjects:	Q Science > QL Zoology
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 46201-Biology (S1)
Depositing User:	Fina Nadiansyah
Date Deposited:	19 Sep 2025 08:52
Last Modified:	19 Sep 2025 08:53
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/184386

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