KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti INSTAR III

SEPITA, FIRA YUNICA and Kamal, Mustafa and Salni, Salni (2021) KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti INSTAR III. Undergraduate thesis, Sriwijaya University.

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Abstract

The Aedes aegypti L mosquito is currently one of the vectors of the disease that is now being targeted by researchers to find ways to control it without damaging the environment. This is because the Aedes aegypti L mosquito is the main vector of transmission of the Dengue Fever virus, which is a dangerous disease. Generally, the eradication of Aedes aegypti L uses synthetic insecticides because it is quite effective and fast. Of course this certainly has a negative impact on the environment. For this reason, vegetable larvicides are an alternative in this control. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in ability between extract and fraction of Gamal leaf (Gliricidia sepium) and to determine the LC50 value of extract and leaf of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) on mortality of third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. The experimental design in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 concentrations and 5 repetitions. The procedure in this study was to first determine the ability of the extract and fraction of Gamal leaf (Gliricidia sepium) as a vegetable larvicide by testing the extract and fraction against the third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, observed mortality and then included it in the formula for % mortality. Second, to determine the LC50 value of the extract and the fraction of the root of tunjuk Langit by analyzing existing mortality data using Probit Analysis. The results showed that the n-hexane fraction was the most active fraction. The results of the larvicidal test of extract and fraction of gamal leaves stated that the difference in concentration of extract and fraction had a significant effect on larval mortality. The active fraction of gamal leaf was more effective than the methanol extract of gamal leaf as seen from the LC50 values of 1086.32 ppm and 1117.524 ppm. After being exposed to methanol extract and the active fraction of gamal leaves, the digestive system, respiratory system and nervous system were damaged. The results of the identification of bioactive compounds extracts and fractions of gamal leaves contain groups of bioactive compounds including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenols. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Vegetable larvacide, Gamal leave (Gliricidia sepium). Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L saat ini merupakan salah satu vektor penyakit yang kini menjadi sasaran peneliti untuk mencari cara pengendaliannya tanpa merusak lingkungan. Hal ini dikarenakan nyamuk Aedes aegypti L yang merupakan vektor utama penularan virus Demam Berdarah yang merupakan salah satu penyakit yang berbahaya. Umumnya pembasmian Aedes aegypti L menggunakan insektisida sintetik karena terbilang ampuh dan cepat. Tentunya hal ini Tentunya hal ini memiliki dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Untuk itu larvasida nabati merupakan alternativ dalam pengendalian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan antara ekstrak dan fraksi daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) serta mengetahui nilai LC50 ekstrak dan daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) terhadap mortalitas larva instar III Aedes aegypti. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 konsentrasi dan 5 pengulangan. Prosedur pada penelitian ini yakni pertama mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak dan fraksi daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) sebagai larvasida nabati dengan menguji ekstrak dan fraksi terhadap larva instar III Aedes aegypti, diamati mortalitas dan kemudian dimasukkan dalam rumus % mortalitas. Kedua, mengetahui nilai LC50 ekstrak dan fraksi akar tunjuk langit dengan menganalisis data mortalitas yang sudah ada dengan menggunakan Analisis Probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksan merupakan fraksi yang paling aktif. Hasil uji larvasida ekstrak dan fraksi daun gamal menyatakan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak dan fraksi memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap mortalitas larva. Fraksi aktif daun gamal lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ekstrak metanol daun gamal terlihat dari nilai LC50 yaitu 1086,32 ppm dan 1117,524 ppm. Setelah terpapar ekstrak methanol dan fraksi aktif daun gamal, mengalami kerusakan sistem pencernaan, sistem pernapasan dan sistem syaraf. Hasil identifikasi senyawa bioaktif ekstrak dan fraksi daun gamal mengandung golongan senyawa bioaktif antara lain flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, tanin dan fenol.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aedes aegypti, larvasida nabati, daun gamal (Gliricidia sepium)
Subjects:	Q Science > QL Zoology > QL461-599.82 Insects
Divisions:	08-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science > 46201-Biology (S1)
Depositing User:	Fira Yunica Sepita
Date Deposited:	22 Dec 2021 07:02
Last Modified:	22 Dec 2021 07:02
URI:	http://repository.unsri.ac.id/id/eprint/59382

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